• For human health risk assessment of chemicals

  2020-01-16

  

  For human health risk assessment of chemicals, a default uncertainty factor (UF) of 3.16 is used to capture inter individual variation in toxicokinetics (Dorne and Renwick, 2005). However, the scientific background for this default UF remains unsatisfactory., Several studies have reported that a fac

• Currently multiple clinical trials of CSF CSF R targeting

  2020-01-16

  

  Currently, multiple clinical trials of CSF-1/CSF-1R-targeting agents in combination with standard treatment modalities and immunotherapies are underway (Table 1). In particular, results for combinations with checkpoint blockade inhibitors and other immunotherapeutic approaches are eagerly awaited.

• Raloxifene is a second generation

  2020-01-15

  

  Raloxifene is a second generation SERM that has tissue-specific effects that differ from those of tamoxifen. Raloxifene was marketed for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in the US and Europe. In a phase II randomized double-blind study, tamoxifen and raloxifene were e

• br Results br Discussion Adaptive

  2020-01-15

  

  Results Discussion Adaptive drug resistance is a major challenge to the clinical success of cancer therapies. Incomplete inhibition of oncogenic signaling allows survival of “drug-tolerant” tumor cells, which persist in that state for variable periods before acquiring additional genetic mutati

• Introduction Cholesterol plays a pivotal role as

  2020-01-15

  

  Introduction Cholesterol plays a pivotal role as a constituent of biological membranes and as a precursor for vitamins, hormones and bile acids. Accordingly, its production, distribution, and elimination must be tightly regulated at the cellular and organismal level. Accordingly, dysregulated chole

• br Roles of TLS polymerases outside

  2020-01-15

  

  Roles of TLS polymerases outside DNA damage tolerance Preparing the ground for more DNA damage: adaptive responses through gene induction Conclusions and perspectives Although known for many decades, the relevance of TLS in genome stability is normally considered secondary to mechanisms tha

• br Results br Discussion Repair by NHEJ implicitly requires

  2020-01-15

  

  Results Discussion Repair by NHEJ implicitly requires the pairing together of broken chromosome ends. A complex of Ku, XRCC4, DNA ligase IV, and XLF (PEC) is necessary and sufficient for this purpose (Reid et al., 2015). Here, we describe dynamic changes in this complex that are triggered by d

• br Acknowledgement br Introduction Human dihydroorotate dehy

  2020-01-15

  

  Acknowledgement Introduction Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), a flavin-dependent mitochondrial enzyme involved in de novo Xylometazoline HCl biosynthesis, is a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and cancer [1], [2], [

• Targeting both PARP and DHODH for

  2020-01-15

  

  Targeting both PARP-1 and DHODH for anti-cancer therapy would certainly be beneficial as these enzymes share a common role in the DNA replication and repair mechanisms which are involved in the hyper-proliferation of cancer cells. Since benzimidazole-containing compounds have been reported to show g

• Compounds were prepared via the routes

  2020-01-15

  

  Compounds were prepared via the routes shown in , varying the sequence of reactions to install the thiazole or the phenyl ring at the end of the synthesis (pyridyl examples were prepared using similar chemistry). The aminothiazole building blocks were prepared as shown in . 5-Aminothiazole was prep

• br Results br Discussion br Experimental Procedures

  2020-01-15

  

  Results Discussion Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Excitatory synaptic transmission within the brain is largely mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors. At glutamatergic synapses, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-proprionic HyperScr

• Previous work examining the link between the

  2020-01-15

  

  Previous work examining the link between the COMT gene and ISV is limited and has produced contradicting results. The Val allele was linked with higher ISV of RTs following target trials in a continuous performance task (Stefanis et al., 2005) and with higher ISV of RT and P3b latencies of unfamilia

• The present study manipulated dopaminergic functioning by

  2020-01-15

  

  The present study “manipulated” dopaminergic functioning by examining genetic variation related to the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene. The gene transcribes the COMT enzyme involved in degradation of released dopamine in the frontal cortex. COMT is primarily localized to the frontal cortex

• br Conclusion In conclusion our findings

  2020-01-15

  

  Conclusion In conclusion, our findings do not suggest that HT is an important determinant of future AD risk and are in line with a recent Cochrane review stating that HT is not indicated for preventing dementia or cognitive decline in postmenopausal women [13]. Contributors Conflict of inte

• Enhanced oxidative stress has been

  2020-01-15

  

  Enhanced oxidative stress has been suggested as the critical mechanisms of IS-produced muscle damage [41,42]. NAC as a direct reactive oxygen species ROS scavenger is frequently discussed in the clinical trials of radiocontrast-induced AKI prevention [43]. Despite some supportive epidemiological dat

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